tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-71619688082954410582024-02-08T05:14:26.385-08:00Tabela PeriódicaTabela Periódicahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13229308939698956830noreply@blogger.comBlogger4125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7161968808295441058.post-20357692257550267552010-08-10T13:45:00.003-07:002010-08-10T13:45:56.385-07:00Tabela Periódica<div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: lime;">Criamos este blog para poder explicar melhor como funciona a tabela periódica e como ela surgiu. </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>Tabela Periódicahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13229308939698956830noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7161968808295441058.post-29636426453058030262010-08-10T13:36:00.000-07:002010-08-10T13:36:31.259-07:00Surgimento da Tabela Periódica<div style="margin-left: 36.0pt;"><span style="color: #33cccc; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> A Tabela Periódica surgiu devido à crescente descoberta de elementos químicos e suas propriedades, os quais necessitavam ser organizados segundo suas características. Até 1800 aproximadamente 30 elementos eram conhecidos; nos dias de hoje a Tabela Periódica consta de 109 elementos.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin-left: 36.0pt;"><span style="color: #33cccc; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">O nome "Tabela Periódica" é devido à periodicidade, ou seja, à repetição de propriedades, de intervalos em intervalos, como, por exemplo, ocorre com as fases da lua, que mudam durante o mês e se repetem mês após mês.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin-left: 36.0pt;"><span style="color: #33cccc; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">A base da classificação periódica atual é a tabela de</span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> </span></span><a href="http://www.cdcc.sc.usp.br/quimica/galeria/mendeleev.html"><span style="color: #33cccc; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Mendeleev</span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">, com a diferença de que as propriedades dos elementos variam periodicamente com seus números atômicos e não com os pesos atômicos, como era a classificação feita por</span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> </span></span><a href="http://www.cdcc.sc.usp.br/quimica/galeria/mendeleev.html"><span style="color: #33cccc;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Mendeleev</span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin-left: 36.0pt;"><span style="color: #33cccc; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">A Tabela Periódica atual é formada por 109 elementos distribuídos em 7 linhas horizontais, cada uma sendo chamada de período. Os elementos pertencentes ao mesmo período possuem o mesmo número de camadas de elétrons</span></span><span style="color: #33cccc; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><br />
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</div>Tabela Periódicahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13229308939698956830noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7161968808295441058.post-694269606829959682010-08-10T13:23:00.000-07:002010-08-10T13:34:09.818-07:00Família<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">As linhas verticais da Tabela Periódica são denominadas de famílias e estão divididas em 18 colunas. Os elementos químicos que estão na mesma coluna na Tabela Periódica possuem propriedades químicas e físicas semelhantes.</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><u1:p></u1:p> </span></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">A família é caracterizada pelos elétrons do subnível mais energético, portanto os elementos de uma mesma família apresentam a mesma configuração na última camada.</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><u1:p></u1:p> </span></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Algumas colunas possuem nomes especiais.</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><u1:p></u1:p> </span></span><br />
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</span></span> </div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p><u1:p></u1:p></span></span><br />
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 417px;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família 1 (1A) -</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Alcalinos</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família 2 (2A) -</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Alcalino-terrosos</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família 13 (3A) -</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família do boro</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família 14 (4A) -</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família do carbono</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família 15 (5A) -</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família do nitrogênio</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família 16 (6A) -</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Calcogênios</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família 17 (7A) -</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Halogênios</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Família 18 (Zero) -</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;">Gases Nobres</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #674ea7;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div></td> </tr>
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</div>Tabela Periódicahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13229308939698956830noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7161968808295441058.post-50254784630891143212010-08-10T13:07:00.001-07:002010-08-10T13:40:56.519-07:00Elementos da Tabela Periódica<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.25pt; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><div align="center" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="color: magenta; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;">Os elementos da Tabela Periódica podem ser classificados como:</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><u1:p></u1:p> <div align="center" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="color: magenta; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;">Metais:</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;"> </span><span style="color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;">Eles são a maioria dos elementos da tabela. São bons condutores de eletricidade e calor, maleáveis e dúcteis, possuem brilho metálico característico e são sólidos, com exceção do mercúrio.</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><u2:p></u2:p><u1:p></u1:p> <div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="color: magenta; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;">Não-Metais:</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;"> </span><span style="color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;">São os mais abundantes na natureza e, ao contrário dos metais, não são bons condutores de calor e eletricidade, não são maleáveis e dúcteis e não possuem brilho como os metais.</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><u2:p></u2:p><u1:p></u1:p> <div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="color: magenta; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;">Gases Nobres:</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;"> </span><span style="color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;">São no total 6 elementos e sua característica mais importante é a inércia química.</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><u2:p></u2:p><u1:p></u1:p> <div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;"><span style="color: magenta; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;">Hidrogênio: </span><span style="color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.0pt;">O hidrogênio é um elemento considerado à parte por ter um comportamento único.</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 13.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><u2:p></u2:p><u1:p></u1:p> <div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div></span></div>Tabela Periódicahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13229308939698956830noreply@blogger.com0